Today we discussed what cytoplasmic components are crucial for the process of translation. We described the main characteristics of ribosomes, amino acids and tRNA.
We then described the actual process of translation, dividing in its phases of initiation, elongation and termination. We followed with a discussion of the fate of synthesized polypeptides and the features of protein structure.
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Friday, April 15, 2011
Wednesday, April 13, 2011
Lab quiz 01
Today we had our first lab quiz. Stats:
(click on pic for a full size image)
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Lab 06 - Gene mapping - Drosophila
Tuesday, April 12, 2011
Today we did lab 06, on mapping genes in Drosophila.
We discussed concepts like linkage, recombination, crossing over, and as a consequence how phenotypic categories deviate from Mendelian proportions. We mentioned how genes that are in the same chromosome may also be unlinked, if the distance between them (measured in centimorgans (cM) is big enough.
Using DrosophiLab, a crossing-over simulator (from Paul Lewis' lab), and paper and pencil, students learned:
We discussed concepts like linkage, recombination, crossing over, and as a consequence how phenotypic categories deviate from Mendelian proportions. We mentioned how genes that are in the same chromosome may also be unlinked, if the distance between them (measured in centimorgans (cM) is big enough.
Using DrosophiLab, a crossing-over simulator (from Paul Lewis' lab), and paper and pencil, students learned:
- How to determine the distance between two genes in the same chromosome (measured in cM or map units (M.U.))
- The effect of the distance between genes and the size of a chromosome in the frequency of recombinant chromosomes during meiosis
- How to map genes based on gene distances
- How to map genes and find the distances between them based on phenotypic data (resulting from simulated crosses). We did this for three genes, using a three-point test cross.
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Monday, April 11, 2011
Chapter 9 - From genes to proteins
Today we discussed the way in which genetic information is coded in DNA. We introduced the genetic code, some of its properties and some of its implications.
Then we moved on to talk about the transcription process. We mentioned its steps (initiation, elongation, and termination), and the processing that a mRNA molecule must undergo before being exported to the nucleus (5' capping, polyadenylation, intron splicing).
As an introduction to the process of translation, we explained what amino acids are and how they are linked into polypeptides. On Wednesday we will talk about other cytoplasmic components important for
translation, and about the translation process itself.
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